Whether you're looking for simple efficiency upgrades or developing a long-term energy improvement strategy, a facility energy audit is a great first step. It can help you prioritize energy efficiency measures, analyze their cost and savings potential and lay the groundwork for an energy management plan.
Levels of energy audits
An audit can range from a simple assessment to a detailed evaluation including diagnostic testing and data tracking. ASHRAE defines three levels of energy audits:
Level 1 walkthrough is the basic starting point for optimizing building energy performance. It consists of an analysis of energy bills and a brief on-site inspection of the facility and its systems. The main objective of a Level 1 assessment is to identify low-cost, energy-saving measures and develop an initial list of more capital-intensive improvements.
Level 2 energy survey and analysis is an in-depth assessment of building energy use and more detailed cost and savings analyses of recommended energy efficiency measures. Energy performance is benchmarked against similar facilities and consumption is broken down by end use, such as lighting and air conditioning. Key staff members are interviewed for their insights into building characteristics and operations.
Level 3 detailed survey and analysis combines Level 1 and 2 procedures with detailed recommendations and financial analysis for major capital-intensive efficiency upgrades. A Level 3 audit may also capture long-term energy use data through data-logging devices or the building's energy management system.
Which level is right for your facility?
Which type of energy audit is right for your facility? For smaller facilities without plans or a budget for major energy efficiency investments, a Level 1 audit will identify the best low-cost, energy-saving opportunities that can yield immediate results.
Level 2 and Level 3 assessments are appropriate for larger, more complex facilities with defined energy efficiency goals. Although they're more time-consuming and expensive, these audits provide the in-depth evaluation and financial analysis needed for major equipment upgrades and long-term investments.
Start by benchmarking your energy performance with ENERGY STAR® Portfolio Manager®, a no-cost online tool available from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Knowing your overall score will help you make a more informed decision about which audit level is appropriate for your facility. It will also give you a baseline measurement from which to track your progress.
Finding a qualified auditor
Energy auditing services are offered by energy consultants and engineering firms, as well as energy services companies (ESCOs). ESCOs not only identify efficiency improvements, but they also provide financing and installation services.
Professional certification makes sure your service provider is trained in the auditing process. Certifying organizations include ASHRAE and the Association of Energy Engineers (AEE).
- Find an ASHRAE-Certified Building Energy Assessment Professional
- Search for an AEE-Certified Energy Auditor
To locate an ESCO in your area, search the directory of accredited companies from the National Association of Energy Service Companies.
Developing an energy management plan
An energy audit is a great start, but long-term savings requires a long-term commitment. Start by implementing the measures recommended in your audit. Next, implement a plan to optimize energy management. A successful plan includes the following steps:
- Make a commitment
- Assess performance
- Set goals
- Create and implement an action plan
- Evaluate progress
- Recognize achievements
Energy management planning is not a one-time process. The focus should be on continuous improvement. For more information, see Comprehensive Energy Management from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.